{"id":76563,"date":"2023-03-04T17:02:44","date_gmt":"2023-03-04T13:02:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsakhurdia-gurcistan-cumhurbaskanidir\/"},"modified":"2023-03-04T17:02:44","modified_gmt":"2023-03-04T13:02:44","slug":"zviad-konstantinovich-gamsakhurdia-gurcistan-cumhurbaskanidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsakhurdia-gurcistan-cumhurbaskanidir\/","title":{"rendered":"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430,_\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0130lk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Biyografisi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#\u0412\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u043d\u0430_\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e_\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan siyaseti \u00fczerindeki etkisi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437_\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131 \u00dczerine Bir Analiz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#\u0420\u043e\u043b\u044c_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u0432_\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438_\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Modernizasyonunda Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Rol\u00fc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#\u0418\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435_\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u043d\u0430_\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresinin incelenmesi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131n\u0131 Ke\u015ffetmek: G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n \u0130lk Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131<\/h1>\n<h2 id=\"\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430,_\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n ilk se\u00e7ilmi\u015f cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n biyografisi<\/h2>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:100\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia, 31 Mart 1939 tarihinde <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/goroda\/tbilisi\/\"   title=\"Tiflis\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Tiflis<\/a>, G\u00fcrcistan. \u00dcnl\u00fc G\u00fcrc\u00fc yazar ve siyaset\u00e7i Konstantin Gamsakhurdia'n\u0131n o\u011fludur. Zviad Moskova \u00dcniversitesi'nde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve edebiyat ve dilbilim uzman\u0131 oldu.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Siyasi kariyerine 1969 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;daki Sovyet yetkililerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan ve &#171;Dokuzlar Grubu&#187; olarak bilinen muhalif bir gruba kat\u0131larak ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan Demokratik Hareketi&#8217;nin (MDG) kurucular\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l ilk konferans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenledi. Bu d\u00f6nemde <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/gruziya\/\"   title=\"zaman\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">zaman<\/a> Gamsakhurdia, G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Rusya&#8217;dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in deste\u011fi harekete ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131 ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da Sovyet kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 g\u00f6steri d\u00fczenledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r\" class=\"wp-image-10844\" srcset=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-768x586.jpg 768w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-600x458.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-ast-global-color-4-color has-vivid-red-background-color has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\">1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gamsakhurdia, Mikhail Gorbachev'in atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Eduard Shevardnadze'ye kar\u015f\u0131 ikna edici bir zafer kazanarak G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi. Gamsakhurdia, ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131n getirilmesi ve G\u00fcrcistan'da kalan Sovyet y\u00f6netim yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6nemli reformlar ba\u015flatt\u0131. Giderek otoriterle\u015fen y\u00f6netimi ve \u00fclkedeki etnik b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri ele almadaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir dizi ciddi aksamaya u\u011frad\u0131 ve sonunda 1991'de i\u00e7 sava\u015fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131. <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamsakhurdia, ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken eski m\u00fcttefikleri taraf\u0131ndan silahl\u0131 bir ayaklanmayla devrildi\u011fi 1993 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar G\u00fcrcistan siyasetinde etkili bir fig\u00fcr olarak kald\u0131 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/goroda\/tbilisi\/\"   title=\"Tiflis\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Tiflis<\/a> Aile \u00fcyeleriyle birlikte. Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;dan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edildikten sonra 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, ancak k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra 31 Aral\u0131k 1993 tarihinde 55 ya\u015f\u0131nda, yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki evinde belirsiz ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/goroda\/tbilisi\/\"   title=\"Tiflis\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">Tiflis<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 miras, G\u00fcrcistan tarihinin en \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinden birinde Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak hem ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 hem de ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131yla hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da bug\u00fcn hala hissedilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0412\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u043d\u0430_\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e_\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan siyaseti \u00fczerindeki etkisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kendisi 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda G\u00fcrcistan siyasetinin en etkili isimlerinden biriydi. G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Sovyetlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir muhalif ve insan haklar\u0131 aktivistiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii_1.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131yd\u0131\" width=\"208\" height=\"208\" title=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted has-ast-global-color-4-color has-vivid-red-background-color has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\">Gamsakhurdia, G\u00fcrcistan'\u0131n siyasi yap\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yaparak daha demokratik bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet sisteminin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Demokrasiyi ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fvik etme \u00e7abalar\u0131, Sovyet y\u00f6netiminden nihai ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7mada etkili oldu.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-small-font-size\"><blockquote><p>Sovyetler Birli\u011fi&#8217;nin ve G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;a y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir ele\u015ftirmeniydi ve bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ifade etmek i\u00e7in s\u0131k s\u0131k yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131. Ulusal Sorun (1986) ve G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da Kriz (1989) gibi kitaplar\u0131 yurti\u00e7inde ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak okunmu\u015f ve G\u00fcrcistan siyaseti \u00fczerine bir\u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii_2.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131yd\u0131\" width=\"208\" height=\"208\" title=\"Zviad Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamsakhurdia 1991-1993 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak da g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda istikrarl\u0131 bir ekonomiye, etkin devlet kurumlar\u0131na, insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131ya, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn muhafaza edilmesine sahip g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet kurma vizyonunu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii4.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-10843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii4-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii4-768x593.jpg 768w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii4-600x464.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ne yaz\u0131k ki Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi, kendisi ve G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;daki di\u011fer siyasi gruplar aras\u0131ndaki i\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar nedeniyle aniden sona erdi. Bu durum sonunda 1993&#8217;te h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin devrilmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanan sivil huzursuzlu\u011fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Bu \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc sonuca ra\u011fmen, Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n miras\u0131 bug\u00fcn G\u00fcrcistan demokrasisine ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131larla ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. \u00c7abalar\u0131 sayesinde G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi onun yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan yararland\u0131 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/kultura\/\"   title=\"G\u00fcrc\u00fcler\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">G\u00fcrc\u00fcler<\/a> Daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar \u00e7ok sivil \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor &#8212; o olmasayd\u0131 bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmazd\u0131. Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca yapmay\u0131 hedefledi\u011fi her \u015feyi ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015f olsa da, modern G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarihinde etkisi nesiller boyunca hissedilecek \u00f6nemli bir fig\u00fcr olmaya devam ediyor<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii3.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-10842\" width=\"600\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii3-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii3-768x342.jpg 768w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii3-600x267.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437_\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n siyasi miras\u0131n\u0131n analizi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia, modern G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n en etkili siyasi fig\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Eski bir Sovyet muhalifi ve tarih\u00e7i olan Gamsakhurdia, G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Sovyetler Birli\u011fi&#8217;nden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in halk hareketine liderlik etti\u011fi 1980&#8217;lerin sonu ve 1990&#8217;lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1991&#8217;de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n demokratik yollarla se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu, ancak iktidar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir darbe giri\u015fimi ve 1992&#8217;deki i\u00e7 sava\u015f nedeniyle k\u0131sa s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Gamsahurdia&#8217;n\u0131n miras\u0131 o zamandan beri hararetle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-small-font-size\"><blockquote><p>Bir yandan baz\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcler onu Moskova&#8217;n\u0131n despotik y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve demokrasi i\u00e7in sava\u015fan ulusal bir kahraman olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Destek\u00e7ileri Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llar s\u00fcren yabanc\u0131 egemenli\u011finin ard\u0131ndan G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n egemenli\u011finin yeniden tesis edilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel canlanmaya olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, Sovyet tarz\u0131 sosyalizm taraf\u0131ndan tehdit edilen geleneksel geleneklerin ve de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131na da yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. <\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii2.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan'\u0131n cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r\" class=\"wp-image-10841\" width=\"600\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii2-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii2-768x336.jpg 768w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii2-600x263.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011ferleri ise onu otoriter bir lider olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve fevri liderlik tarz\u0131n\u0131n demokratik geli\u015fmeyi ve ekonomik istikrar\u0131 baltalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ele\u015ftirmenler ise Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n muhalif gruplara kar\u015f\u0131 uzla\u015fmaz tutumunun ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da korku ve g\u00fcvensizlik ortam\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor. Dahas\u0131, pop\u00fclist s\u00f6ylemi, G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n yeni kurulan h\u00fck\u00fcmetine \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan deste\u011fi verebilecek bir\u00e7ok potansiyel m\u00fcttefiki yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan siyasetine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek, iktidarda bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemi \u00e7evreleyen \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 ko\u015fullar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda olduk\u00e7a zordur. Bununla birlikte, bug\u00fcn G\u00fcrcistan siyasetini \u015fekillendirmeye devam eden demokrasi ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n temellerinin at\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0420\u043e\u043b\u044c_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u0432_\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438_\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da Altyap\u0131n\u0131n Modernizasyonundaki Rol\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia, G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n demokratik yollarla se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olan G\u00fcrc\u00fc bir siyaset\u00e7i ve devlet adam\u0131yd\u0131. Kendisi en \u00e7ok 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkenin Sovyetler Birli\u011fi&#8217;nden ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketine liderlik etmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n modernle\u015ftirilmesindeki rol\u00fcyle tan\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamsakhurdia 1939&#8217;da Bat\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da antik \u00e7a\u011flardan beri \u00f6nde gelen soylu bir ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Hem yurti\u00e7inde hem de yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, Tiflis Devlet \u00dcniversitesi ve Moskova Devlet \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden dereceyle mezun olduktan sonra Oxford \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nde lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam etmi\u015ftir. Geri d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\"   title=\"G\u00fcrcistan\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">G\u00fcrcistan<\/a> siyasete at\u0131larak 1980&#8217;lerde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketinin liderlerinden biri haline geldi. 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetini deviren demokratik halk devrimine liderlik ettikten sonra G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height: 400px; width: 100%; overflow: hidden;\"><iframe style=\"height: 400px; background: #000000; bottom: 60px; position: relative;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wF0MNZ0tsWk?theme=dark&amp;autoplay=1&amp;autohide=0&amp;cc_load_policy=1&amp;modestbranding=1&amp;fs=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;rel=0&amp;iv_load_policy=3&amp;mute=0&amp;loop=1\" width=\"400px\" sandbox=\"allow-forms allow-scripts allow-pointer-lock allow-same-origin allow-top-navigation\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">&amp;amp;amp;lt;br \/><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda (1990-1992) G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi.) Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeyi \u00f6ncelik haline getirmi\u015fti. Yeni otoyollar in\u015fa etmek, mevcut karayollar\u0131 ve demiryollar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek, havaalanlar\u0131 in\u015fa etmek, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle ticaret i\u00e7in liman tesislerini geli\u015ftirmek, \u00fclke genelinde elektrik da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in elektrik \u015febekeleri kurmak ve cep telefonu sistemleri gibi telekom\u00fcnikasyon projelerini ba\u015flatmak bu projelere dahildi. Bu \u00e7abalar ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi te\u015fvik etti ve bu d\u00f6nemde G\u00fcrcistan genelinde end\u00fcstriyel kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 destekledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii1.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\" class=\"wp-image-10840\" width=\"600\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii1-300x100.jpg 300w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii1-768x255.jpg 768w, https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii1-600x200.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<center><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Gamsakhurdia ayr\u0131ca yerel tarihe adanm\u0131\u015f m\u00fczeler kurarak, \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda as\u0131rl\u0131k kiliseler ve katedraller gibi tarihi an\u0131tlar\u0131 restore ederek, \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki \u00fcniversitelerde e\u011fitim f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fleterek &#8212; \u00f6zellikle G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc incelemeye adanm\u0131\u015f enstit\u00fcler kurmak da dahil &#8212; ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda okumak isteyen \u00f6\u011frencilere burs sa\u011flayarak G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n<p>Gamsakhurdia, altyap\u0131n\u0131n modernle\u015ftirilmesi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fclkeleriyle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc diplomatik ba\u011flar geli\u015ftirmeye odakland\u0131. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, NATO gibi bir\u00e7ok uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015ftan destek almay\u0131 ve Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan&#8217;\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;si gibi yabanc\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerle anla\u015fmalar yaparak Sovyet y\u00f6netiminden ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminde \u00fclke i\u00e7inde zor zamanlar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan mali yard\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. <\/p>\n<center><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fa-regular fa-star fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><\/center>\n<p>Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131, 1992 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda bir darbeyle g\u00f6revinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla k\u0131sa s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olsa da, bu altyap\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmelerinin bir\u00e7o\u011funun on y\u0131llar sonra bile bozulmadan kalmas\u0131, Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ulus devlet olarak en kritik y\u0131llar\u0131ndan birinde G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n modernizasyonuna b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funa dair somut kan\u0131tlar sunarak miras\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn de ya\u015fatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"\u0418\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435_\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u0417\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430_\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430_\u0413\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0430_\u043d\u0430_\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430_\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438\">Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresini incelemek<\/h2>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-verse\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:100\">1990'lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 bir siyasi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k d\u00f6neminden ge\u00e7ti. Bu durum, Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia'n\u0131n 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmesiyle vurgulanm\u0131\u015f ve G\u00fcrcistan i\u00e7in yeni bir demokratik reform ve refah d\u00f6nemi vaat edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve olduk\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ge\u00e7ti. \u00dclkenin demokratik yollarla se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Gamsakhurdia, \u00fclkeyi istikrara kavu\u015fturmak ve ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme sa\u011flamak gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6revle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131 ve g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi boyunca bunu ba\u015faramad\u0131. <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background\">Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yeni bir anayasan\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve sosyal refah politikas\u0131nda radikal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir dizi iddial\u0131 reformla ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkeye finansal istikrar ve yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m getirecek \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme giri\u015fimlerini ba\u015flatarak G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;da Sovyet sisteminden bir piyasa ekonomisi yaratmay\u0131 hedefledi. Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu \u00e7abalar Gamsakhurdia h\u00fck\u00fcmetindeki yayg\u0131n yolsuzluk ve k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netim nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>Bu sorunlar, Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u00e7indeki muhalif g\u00fc\u00e7leri susturmak amac\u0131yla giderek daha otoriter bir y\u00f6netim sergilemesiyle daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti. G\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi boyunca defalarca s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ilan etti, ifade ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sans\u00fcrledi, muhaliflerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade etmelerini veya siyasete \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlad\u0131. Bu tedbirler, yeni se\u00e7ilen liderin eylemleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ihanete u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen pek \u00e7ok vatanda\u015f\u0131n Gamsakhurdia&#8217;ya kar\u015f\u0131 kitlesel protesto g\u00f6sterileri d\u00fczenlemesine ve nihayetinde g\u00f6reve geldikten sadece bir y\u0131l sonra istifa etmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. <\/p>\n<center><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fas-fa-mountain-sun-fa-3x\"><i class=\"fas fa-mountain-sun fa-3x\"><\/i><\/span><\/center>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii_6.jpg\" alt=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\" width=\"416\" height=\"416\" title=\"Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 miras karma\u015f\u0131k bir mirast\u0131r; demokrasiyi yeniden tesis etmeye ve G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;daki Sovyet kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sona erdirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsa da, y\u00f6netimi nihayetinde despotik bir y\u00f6netim ve ekonomik istikrars\u0131zl\u0131kla damgalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha uzun s\u00fcre g\u00f6revde kalsayd\u0131 se\u00e7im vaatlerini yerine getirip getiremeyece\u011fini zaman g\u00f6sterecek ancak G\u00fcrc\u00fcler onu \u015fimdiye kadar cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilen en tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 liderlerden biri olarak hat\u0131rlayacak.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-tag-cloud\">\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0130lk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Biyografisi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan siyaseti \u00fczerindeki etkisi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131 \u00dczerine Bir Analiz G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Modernizasyonunda Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Rol\u00fc Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresinin incelenmesi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131n\u0131 Ke\u015ffetmek: G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n \u0130lk Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n ilk se\u00e7ilmi\u015f cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":76564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[594],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unluler"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg",800,610,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-300x229.jpg",300,229,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-768x586.jpg",768,586,true],"large":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg",800,610,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg",800,610,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5.jpg",800,610,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-600x458.jpg",600,458,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/03\/zviad-konstantinovich-gamsahurdia-prezident-gruzii5-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"alexdi","author_link":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/author\/alexdi\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0130lk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Biyografisi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan siyaseti \u00fczerindeki etkisi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131 \u00dczerine Bir Analiz G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n Altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Modernizasyonunda Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Rol\u00fc Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresinin incelenmesi Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia&#8217;n\u0131n Siyasi Miras\u0131n\u0131 Ke\u015ffetmek: G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n \u0130lk Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan&#8217;\u0131n ilk se\u00e7ilmi\u015f cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zviad&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76563"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76563\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/georgia-gruzia.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}